December 22, 2022 Journal article Open Access

Mumin,Farah I.; Fred D. Wesonga; Handuleh,Jibril I. M.; Ross G. White; Siobhan M. Mor

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    <subfield code="a">&lt;p&gt;Abstract&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Background&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Somalia has over 2.6&amp;nbsp;million internally displaced people (IDP) that depend on daily wages and humanitarian assistance for their livelihoods. This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on livelihoods, food security and mental health of Somalia&amp;rsquo;s IDPs.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Methods&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A questionnaire was conducted with &amp;ldquo;breadwinners&amp;rdquo; (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;585) residing in 15 randomly selected IDP camps. Mental health was assessed using the 5-item World Health Organization Wellbeing Index (WHO-5) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Multivariable regression was used to explore the effect of depressive symptoms on soap use and ability to pay for food/medicine/rent.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Results&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Knowledge of COVID-19 symptoms, transmission and prevention was relatively high, however only 55% reported using soap for hand washing. Around one third perceived that prohibition of public gatherings had negatively impacted weekly earnings. Participants reported difficulty buying food (85%), medicine (82%) and paying rent (51%) because of COVID-19. The majority were assessed as having low wellbeing and high depressive symptoms (mean WHO-5&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;44.2/100; mean PHQ-9&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;18.6/27), with most (74%) indicating that they felt worse than before the pandemic. Compared to people with low depressive symptoms, people with high depressive symptoms were less likely to use soap (aOR&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;0.3, 95% CI&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;0.2, 0.7;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;thinsp;&amp;lt;&amp;thinsp;0.001) and more likely to report difficulty buying food (aOR&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;2.2; 95% CI&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;1.1, 4.3;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;thinsp;=&amp;thinsp;0.02).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Conclusion&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;COVID-19 and associated restrictions have negatively impacted Somalia&amp;rsquo;s internally displaced population. Livelihood and mental health support is urgently needed in the recovery phase of the pandemic and should be factored into future pandemic planning.&lt;/p&gt;</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">10.1186/s12889-022-14878-z</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Fred D. Wesonga</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Handuleh,Jibril I. M.</subfield>
    <subfield code="u">Amoud University</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Ross G. White</subfield>
    <subfield code="u">Queen's University Belfast</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Siobhan M. Mor</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">COVID-19 and its prevention in internally displaced person (IDP) camps in Somalia: impact on livelihood, food security and mental health</subfield>
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